Moderator: It is my real pleasure to introduce Jensen Wong, somebody I admire, somebody who has been a teacher to me on my journey of learning about technology and AI. 主持人: 我非常荣幸介绍黄仁勋,一位我非常敬佩的人,也是我在学习技术和 AI 过程中重要的老师。
Moderator: Since Nvidia went public in 1999, its compounded total return has been about 37%. That is a remarkable indicator of Jensen’s leadership and the world’s belief in Nvidia’s future. 主持人: 自 1999 年英伟达上市以来,其复合回报约为 37%。这是对黄仁勋领导力以及世界对英伟达未来信心的最好证明。
Moderator: Jensen, congratulations on that journey. 主持人: 黄仁勋,祝贺你走过这段非凡旅程。
Jensen Huang: Thank you. My only regret was that after the IPO I sold Nvidia stock when the company was valued at $300 million to buy my parents a Mercedes S-Class. 黄仁勋: 谢谢。我唯一的遗憾是 IPO 之后,我在公司市值只有 3 亿美元时卖掉了英伟达股票,给父母买了一辆奔驰 S 级。
Jensen Huang: It turned out to be the most expensive car in the world. 黄仁勋: 结果那成了世界上最贵的一辆车。
AI 的核心问题:不是“会不会改变世界” ,而是“如何创造增量”
Moderator: The debate around AI is about how it will change the world. Today I want to talk about how AI can add to the world economy and become a foundational technology. 主持人:关于 AI 的讨论往往集中在它如何改变世界。今天我更想谈的是,AI 如何为世界经济创造增量,并成为一种基础性技术。
Moderator: Why do you believe AI has the potential to be such a powerful engine of growth, and why is this moment different from past technology cycles? 主持人: 你为什么认为 AI 有潜力成为如此重要的增长引擎?为什么这一次与以往技术周期不同?
AI 并不是一次应用创新,而是平台迁移
Jensen Huang: When you think about AI, it’s helpful to reason from first principles. Fundamentally, this is a platform shift. 黄仁勋:理解 AI,最好的方式是回到第一性原理。从根本上说,这是一次平台级变革。
Jensen Huang: We’ve seen this before: the shift to PCs, to the internet, to mobile and cloud. Each time, the entire computing stack was reinvented. 黄仁勋:我们以前经历过这种变化:从 PC,到互联网,到移动和云。每一次,整个计算栈都会被重塑。
Jensen Huang: ChatGPT itself is an application, but what matters is that new applications will be built on top of it, and on top of models like Claude. 黄仁勋:ChatGPT 本身只是一个应用,更重要的是,会有大量新应用构建在它、以及像Claude 这样的模型之上。
Jensen Huang: Traditional software was pre-recorded. Humans described algorithms for computers to execute structured data. 黄仁勋:传统软件是“预先写好”的,人类把算法描述给计算机,让它处理结构化数据。
Jensen Huang: Now we have computers that understand unstructured information—images, text, sound—and can reason about intent in real time. 黄仁勋:而现在,计算机能够理解非结构化信息——图像、文本、声音——并能实时推理人的意图。
Jensen Huang: You describe what you want in any way you like. We call them prompts. 黄仁勋:你可以用任何方式描述你的需求,我们称之为“提示词(prompt)”。
大多数人只看到模型,但价值在最上层
Jensen Huang: Industrially, AI is a five-layer cake. 黄仁勋:从产业角度看,AI 是一个“五层蛋糕”。
Jensen Huang: At the bottom is energy. AI needs energy because it processes intelligence in real time. 黄仁勋:最底层是能源。因为 AI 是实时计算、实时生成智能的,它需要能源。
Jensen Huang: The second layer is chips and computing infrastructure. That’s where I live. 黄仁勋:第二层是芯片和计算基础设施,这是我所在的层级。
Jensen Huang: Above that is cloud infrastructure and services. 黄仁勋:再往上是云基础设施和云服务。
Jensen Huang: Above that are AI models. Most people think AI stops here. 黄仁勋:再上面是 AI 模型,大多数人以为 AI 就到此为止了。
Jensen Huang: But the most important layer is the application layer on top—that’s where economic value is created. 黄仁勋:但最重要的是最上层的应用层,经济价值最终在这里产生。
很多人以为 AI 到模型层就结束了。
但真正创造经济价值的,永远在最上层的应用。
模型不是终点,应用才是。
AI 不是泡沫,是“还没建完的基础设施”
Jensen Huang: Because all these layers must exist, AI has triggered the largest infrastructure buildout in human history. 黄仁勋:正因为所有这些层都不可或缺,AI 正在引发人类历史上最大规模的基础设施建设。
Jensen Huang: We are already a few hundred billion dollars into it, and there are trillions more to build. 黄仁勋:我们已经投入了数千亿美元,未来还需要数万亿美元。
AI 改变的是“任务”,不是“工作本身”
Moderator: There’s concern that AI will displace jobs. You argue the opposite. 主持人:很多人担心 AI 会取代工作,而你持相反观点。
Jensen Huang: This is the largest infrastructure buildout in history. It creates enormous demand for skilled trades—electricians, plumbers, construction workers. 黄仁勋:这是史上最大的基础设施建设,会创造对技术工种的巨大需求——电工、水管工、建筑工人。
Jensen Huang: Salaries in these fields have nearly doubled. You don’t need a PhD to make a great living. 黄仁勋:这些岗位的薪资几乎翻倍。你不需要计算机博士学位,也能过上很好的生活。
放射科医生与护士的经典案例
Jensen Huang: Ten years ago, people thought radiologists would be wiped out by AI. 黄仁勋:十年前,人们以为放射科医生会被 AI 淘汰。
Jensen Huang: AI now reads scans incredibly fast, but the number of radiologists has increased. 黄仁勋:现在 AI 读片极快,但放射科医生的数量反而增加了。
Jensen Huang: Because their purpose is diagnosis and care. AI automates the task, not the purpose. 黄仁勋:因为他们的“目的”是诊断和照护。AI 自动化的是任务,而不是目的。
Jensen Huang: The same is true for nurses. AI reduces charting time so nurses spend more time with patients. 黄仁勋:护士也是如此。AI 减少文书工作,让护士有更多时间照护病人
Jensen Huang: To understand AI’s impact on jobs, separate the purpose of a job from its tasks. 黄仁勋:要理解 AI 对工作的影响,关键是区分“工作的目的”和“工作的任务”。
AI 不该只属于精英
Moderator: How do we ensure AI benefits the emerging world, not just educated elites? 主持人:我们如何确保 AI 惠及新兴市场,而不是只服务受过高等教育的人群?
Jensen Huang: AI is infrastructure. Every country should build AI, just like electricity and roads. 黄仁勋:AI 是基础设施。每个国家都应该像建设电力和道路一样建设 AI。
Jensen Huang: With open models, countries can build AI using their own language and culture. 黄仁勋:借助开源模型,各国可以用自己的语言和文化来构建 AI。
Jensen Huang: AI is the easiest software ever to use. That’s why it’s the fastest adopted technology in history. 黄仁勋:AI 是人类历史上最容易使用的软件,这也是它成为传播最快技术的原因。
Jensen Huang: Europe has a strong industrial base. AI allows you to leapfrog the software era into physical AI and robotics. 黄仁勋:欧洲拥有强大的工业基础。AI 让你们有机会直接跃迁到“物理 AI”和机器人时代。
Jensen Huang: You don’t write AI—you teach AI. 黄仁勋:你不是在“写”AI,而是在“教”AI。
这不是泡沫,而是一场尚未完成的建设
Moderator: So are we in an AI bubble, or are we not investing enough? 主持人:那我们是在 AI 泡沫中,还是投资仍然不够?
Jensen Huang: If this were a bubble, you wouldn’t see GPU rental prices rising across all generations. 黄仁勋:如果这是泡沫,你不会看到各代 GPU 的租赁价格都在上涨。
Jensen Huang: Demand is exploding because every industry is shifting R&D toward AI.黄仁勋:需求正在爆发,因为每个行业都在把研发预算转向 AI。
这不是“热”,
而是真实需求在累积。